Βιβλία Γλωσσολογίας/Linguistics books/Libros Linguisticos

Epistemic Modality, Language, and Conceptualization

The relationship between language and conceptualization remains a major puzzle in language research. This title investigates main types of expressions of epistemic modality in Dutch, German and English. By adopting a systematic functional orientation, the book explains a whole range of peculiarities of epistemic expression forms and offers a perspective on which cognitive systems are needed to get from the concept of epistemic modality to its linguistic expression.



Input and Evidence (The raw material of Second Language Acquisition)
John Benjamins Pub Co | December 7, 2001 | ISBN-10: 9027224935 

This title focuses on the many issues surrounding second language acquisition, from property and transition theories, to representational and developmental problems of language acquisition.





Alain Marchal, “From Speech Physiology to   Linguistic Phonetics” 
Wiley-ISTE | 2009 | ISBN: 1848211139 | 229 pages |

Communicating by speech is seemingly one of the most natural activities for humans. However, despite its apparent obviousness and ease, speech production is a very complex activity with multiple levels of organization involved with transforming cognitive intent into a meaningful sequence of sounds. This book establishes a connection between the physiology of speech and linguistics, and provides a detailed account of speech production processes, indicating how various languages of the world make use of human anthropophonic capacities. The book also offers new insights into the possible ways in which articulatory-based phonetics and phonology might be unified, making it essential reading matter for anyone involved in this field. Numerous illustrations are included which enhance the reader’s understanding.



Jerry A Fodor, The language of thought




Crowell | 1975 | ISBN-10: 0690008023 | 214 pages






Vivian Cook, "Contemporary Applied Linguistics Volume 1: Volume One Language Teaching and Learning (Continuum Contemporary Studies in Linguistics)"
Publisher: Continuum | ISBN 10: 0826496806 | 2009 | 288 pages

Written by internationally renowned academics, this volume provides a snapshot of the field of applied linguistics, and illustrates how linguistics is informing and engaging with neighbouring disciplines. The contributors present new research in the 'traditional' areas of applied linguistics, including multilingualism, language education, teacher-learner relationships, and assessment. It represents the best of current practice in applied linguistics, and will be invaluable to students and researchers looking for an overview of the field.



Li Wei, "Contemporary Applied Linguistics Volume 2: Volume Two Linguistics for the Real World (Contemporary Studies in Linguistics)"


Publisher: Continuum | ISBN 10: 0826496814 | 2009  264 pages






Noam Chomsky - Language and Mind
Cambridge University Press | 2006 | ISBN: 052167493X | Pages: 208

This is the long-awaited third edition of Chomsky's outstanding collection of essays on language and mind. The first six chapters, originally published in the 1960s, made a groundbreaking contribution to linguistic theory. This new edition complements them with an additional chapter and a new preface, bringing Chomsky's influential approach into the twenty-first century. Chapters 1-6 present Chomsky's early work on the nature and acquisition of language as a genetically endowed, biological system (Universal Grammar), through the rules and principles of which we acquire an internalized knowledge (I-language). Over the past fifty years, this framework has sparked an explosion of inquiry into a wide range of languages, and has yielded some major theoretical questions. The final chapter revisits the key issues, reviewing the 'biolinguistic' approach that has guided Chomsky's work from its origins to the present day, and raising some novel and exciting challenges for the study of language and mind.



Vivian J. Cook, Mark Newson, "Chomsky's Universal Grammar: An Introduction, 3rd Ed"
Wiley-Blackwell | 2007 | ISBN: 1405111860, 1405111879 | 336 pages

The 3rd edition of Chomsky’s Universal Grammar introduces the reader to Noam Chomsky’s theory of language by setting the specifics of syntactic analysis in the framework of his general ideas.
•Updated and revised to include a broader range of issues and discussion topics
•Traces the development of Chomsky's thinking and of the Minimalist Program since 1995, providing a new picture of this current model of syntactic theory
•Introduces both the general concepts of the theory of Universal Grammar and the main areas of syntax such as X-bar theory, movement and government/binding theory
•Includes discussion topics, exercises, and suggestions for further readings in each chapter



Noam Chomsky, "Language & Thought" (Anshen Transdisciplinary Lectureships in Art, Science and the Philosophy of Culture)
Moyer Bell | English | ISBN: 1559210761 | 1993 | 96 pages

This brilliant essay attests to the aptness of Newsweek's identification of Professor Chomsky as one of the very few thinkers today whose genius can be compared to that of Freud, Marx or Darwin. The nuanced arguments put forward concerning the history and significance of the mind/brain juxtaposition reveal why, as with the three luminaries, his ideas have helped transform the way we think about the nature of the world. --J. Jorge Klor De Alva, Professor of Anthropology, Princeton University.



The Minimalist Program (Current Studies in Linguistics) by Noam Chomsky
Publisher: The MIT Press | Number Of Pages: 300 | Publication Date: 1995-09-28 | ISBN-10: 0262531283

The Minimalist Program consists of four recent essays that attempt to situate linguistic theory in the broader cognitive sciences. In these essays the minimalist approach to linguistic theory is formulated and progressively developed.
Building on the theory of principles and parameters and, in particular, on principles of economy of derivation and representation, the minimalist framework takes Universal Grammar as providing a unique computational system, with derivations driven by morphological properties, to which the syntactic variation of languages is also restricted. Within this theoretical framework, linguistic expressions are generated by optimally efficient derivations that must satisfy the conditions that hold on interface levels, the only levels of linguistic representation. The interface levels provide instructions to two types of performance systems, articulatory-perceptual and conceptual- intentional. All syntactic conditions, then, express properties of these interface levels, reflecting the interpretive requirements of language and keeping to very restricted conceptual resources. The Essays Principles and Parameters Theory. Some Notes on Economy of Derivation and Representation. A Minimalist Program for Linguistic Theory. Categories and Transformations in a Minimalist Framework.



Noam Chomsky, Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng, Norbert Corver "Wh-Movement: Moving On (Current Studies in Linguistics)"
The MIT Press | 2006-06-01 | ISBN: 0262033461 | 369 pages
Wh-movement—the phenomenon by which interrogative words appear at the beginning of interrogative sentences—is one of the central displacement operations of human language. Noam Chomsky's 1977 paper "On Wh-Movement," a landmark in the study of wh-movement (and movement in general), showed that this computational operation is the basis of a variety of syntactic constructions that had previously been described in terms of construction-specific rules. Taking Chomsky's article as a starting point, the contributors to this collection reconsider a number of the issues raised in "On Wh-Movement" from the perspective of contemporary Minimalist syntactic theory (which explores the thesis that human language is a system optimally designed to meet certain interface conditions imposed by other cognitive systems with which the language faculty interacts). They discuss such wh-movement issues as wh-phrases and pied-piping, the formation of A-bar chains and the copy theory of movement, cyclicity and locality of wh-movement, and the typology of wh-constructions. By reconsidering core characteristics of the wh-movement operation first systematically discussed by Chomsky from the Minimalist perspective, this volume contributes to the further development of the theory of wh-movement and to the general theory of movement.



Understanding Minimalism by Norbert Hornstein, Jairo Nunes, Kleanthes K. Grohmann
Publisher: Cambridge University Press | Number Of Pages: 422 | Publication Date: 2005-12-19 | ISBN-10: 0521531942

Minimalist models of grammar are developed logically in this volume and the ways in which they contrast with GB analysis are clearly explained. Spanning a decade of minimalist thinking, the textbook will enable students to better understand the questions and problems that minimalism invites, and to master the techniques of minimalist analysis. Over 100 exercises are provided, encouraging students to put their new skills into practice. The book will be an invaluable text for intermediate and advanced students of syntactic theory, as well as a solid foundation for further study and research within Chomsky's minimalist framework.



"Aspects of the Theory of Syntax" by Noam Chomsky
The MIT Press | 261 pages | English | 1969 | ISBN: 0262530074
Beginning in the mid-fifties and emanating largely form MIT, and approach was developed to linguistic theory and to the study of the structure of particular languages that diverges in many respects from modern linguistics. Although this approach is connected to the traditional study of languages, it differs enough in its specific conclusions about the structure and in its specific conclusions about the structure of language to warrant a name, "generative grammar."




Donald Loritz"How the Brain Evolved Language"
Oxford University (2-2002) | 240 pages | English | ISBN:0195151240

How can an infinite number of sentences be generated from one human mind? How did language evolve in apes? In this book Donald Loritz addresses these and other fundamental and vexing questions about language, cognition, and the human brain. He starts by tracing how evolution and natural adaptation selected certain features of the brain to perform communication functions, then shows how those features developed into designs for human language. The result - what Loritz calls an adaptive grammar - gives a unified explanation of language in the brain and contradicts directly (and controversially) the theory of innateness proposed by, among others, Chomsky and Pinker.



Andrew Radford "An Introduction to English Sentence Structure"
Cambridge University Press | English | 2009-03-02 | ISBN: 0521516935 | 456 pages

This outstanding resource for students offers a step-by-step, practical introduction to English syntax and syntactic principles, as developed by Chomsky over the past 15 years. Assuming little or no prior background in syntax, Andrew Radford outlines the core concepts and how they can be used to describe various aspects of English sentence structure. This is an abridged version of Radford's major new textbook Analysing English Sentences (also published by Cambridge University Press), and will be welcomed as a handy introduction to current syntactic theory.



Andrew Radford "Syntax: A Minimalist Introduction"
Cambridge University Press | English | 1997-08-28 | ISBN: 0521581222 | 293 pages
This textbook is a concise, readable introduction to current work in syntactic theory, particularly to Chomsky's Minimalist program. It gives an overview of theoretical concepts and descriptive devices. The discussion is based on varieties of English (Modern Standard, Belfast, Shakespearean, Jamaican Creole) and does not assume prior knowledge of syntax. There are exercises and a glossary. It is an abridged version of Radford's major new textbook Syntactic Theory and the Structure of English: A Minimalist Approach (CUP, 1997).



Peter Mackridge, "The Modern Greek Language: A Descriptive Analysis of Standard Modern Greek"
Oxford University Press | 1985 | ISBN: 0198158548, 0198157703 | 412 pages

The first comprehensive survey of Standard Modern Greek, this book offers a descriptive analysis of the structure of the language and of present-day usage, highlighting the discussion with examples drawn from a wide cross section of spoken, written, and literary sources.

This book is not intended in any way to be a grammar. It does not possess any of the kinds of 'adequacy' which, according to Chomsky, are required of a grammar. Instead, it confines itself to an analysis, not without certain generalizations, of a large amount of material, which is not, however, treated as a finite corpus. I should also stress that I have no intention in this book of making any contribution to the study either of linguistic theory or of linguistic universal.



The concept of structuralism: A critical analysis
University of California Press |1975 | ISBN: 0520028821 | 117 pages

'Structuralism' claims to provide a framework for organising and orientating any 'semiological' study, any study concerned with the production and perception of 'meaning'. It derives the framework from linguistics, the primary semiological discipline, and extends it to the analysis of the literary arts, the analysis of the non-literary arts and the analysis, in social psychology and social anthropology, of 'customary arts'.
The framework deserves the attention of the practitioners and philosophers of linguistics and these other disciplines. I argue that, with the possible exception of linguistics, the framework will not make a 'science' of any of these disciplines. What it can do however is give them the means of being organised in their analysis, going beyond ad hoc observations.



I-Language: An Introduction to Linguistics as Cognitive Science By Daniela Isac, Charles Reiss
Publisher: O U P 2008 | 288 Pages | ISBN: 0199534195 , 0199534209

 I-Language introduces the uninitiated to linguistics as cognitive science. In an engaging, down-to-earth style Daniela Isac and Charles Reiss give a crystal-clear demonstration of the application of the scientific method in linguistic theory. Their presentation of the research programme inspired and led by Noam Chomsky shows how the focus of theory and research in linguistics shifted from treating language as a disembodied, human-external entity to cognitive biolinguistics - the study of language as a human cognitive system embedded within the mind/brain of each individual. The recurring theme of equivalence classes in linguistic computation ties together the presentation of material from phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. The same theme is used to help students understand the place of linguistics in the broader context of the cognitive sciences, by drawing on examples from vision, audition, and even animal cognition.
This textbook is unique in its integration of empirical issues of linguistic analysis, engagement with philosophical questions that arise in the study of language, and treatment of the history of the field. Topics ranging from allophony to reduplication, ergativity, and negative polarity are invoked to show the implications of findings in cognitive biolinguistics for philosophical issues like reference, the mind-body problem, and nature-nurture debates.



Vyvyan Evans / Melanie Green, «Cognitive Linguistics: An Introduction»
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates | ISBN: 0805860142 | 1 edition (March 3, 2006) | 856 pages

A general introduction to the area of theoretical linguistics known as cognitive linguistics, this textbook provides up-to-date coverage of all areas of the field, including recent developments within cognitive semantics (such as Primary Metaphor Theory, Conceptual Blending Theory, and Principled Polysemy), and cognitive approaches to grammar (such as Radical Construction Grammar and Embodied Construction Grammar). The authors offer clear critical evaluations of competing formal approaches within theoretical linguistics. For example, cognitive linguistics is compared to Generative Grammar and Relevance Theory. In the selection of material and in the presentations the authors have aimed for a balanced perspective. Part II, Cognitive Semantics, and Part III, Cognitive Approaches to Grammar, have been created to be read independently. The authors have kept in mind that different instructors and readers will need to use the book in different ways tailored to their own goals. The coverage is suitable for a number of courses. While all topics are presented in terms accessible to both undergraduate and graduate students of linguistics, cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, cognitive science, and modern languages, this work is sufficiently comprehensive and detailed to serve as a reference work for scholars who wish to gain a better understanding of cognitive linguistics.



How to Study Linguistics: A Guide to Understanding Language
Palgrave Macmillan (1998) | ISBN: 0312227221

If you are new to linguistics as a subject and beginning a course at undergraduate or sixth-form level, How to Study Linguistics is the ideal introduction and companion to your studies.
· Covers all the core areas of linguistic study, with chapters discussing strategies for studying phonology, syntax and semantics
· Explores other branches of linguistics such as sociolinguistics, stylistics, and psycholinguistics.
· Includes a chapter on writing linguistics essays and a detailed glossary to aid learning and revision
· Second edition includes new material designed to help the more advanced reader.
How to Study Linguistics is both a guide to current ideas about linguistics and a refreshingly practical text book. It will not only develop your skills as a language student, but will also make an often complex and daunting subject easy to understand, and a pleasure to study.





Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction (Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics)
Publisher: Cambridge University Press | ISBN: 0521653673 | edition 2007

The Indo-European language family consists of many of the modern and ancient languages of Europe, India and Central Asia, including Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, Russian, German, French, Spanish and English. Spoken by an estimated three billion people, it has the largest number of native speakers in the world today. This textbook provides an accessible introduction to the study of the Indo-European languages. It clearly sets out the methods for relating the languages to one another, presents an engaging discussion of the current debates and controversies concerning their classification, and offers sample problems and suggestions for how to solve them. Complete with a comprehensive glossary, almost 100 tables in which language data and examples are clearly laid out, suggestions for further reading, discussion points, and a range of exercises, this text will be an essential toolkit for all those studying historical linguistics, language typology and the Indo-European languages for the first time.



Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication
Publisher: The MIT Press | ISBN: 0262011859 | edition 2001

This popular introductory linguistics text is unique in the way various themes are integrated throughout the book. One primary theme is the question, "How is a speaker’s communicative intent recognized?" Rather than treat phonology, phonetics, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics as completely separate fields, the text shows how they interact in principled ways. Similarly, language variation and acquisition are informed by results in these fields. The text provides a sound introduction to linguistic methodology while also revealing why people are intrinsically interested in language--the ultimate puzzle of the human mind. The fifth edition has been thoroughly revised. Revisions include, but are not limited to, the addition of "selected readings" sections, updated examples, new discussion on the creative nature of neologisms, and the use of IPA as the primary transcription system throughout.



Andrew Radford, Martin Atkinson, "Linguistics: An Introduction"
Cambridge University Press | ISBN: 0521849489 | 2009-02-23

Written by a team based at one of the world's leading centres for linguistic teaching and research, the second edition of this highly successful textbook offers a unified approach to language, viewed from a range of perspectives essential for students' understanding of the subject. Using clear explanations throughout, the book is divided into three main sections: sounds, words, and sentences. In each, the foundational concepts are introduced, along with their application to the fields of child language acquisition, psycholinguistics, language disorders, and sociolinguistics, giving the book a unique yet simple structure that helps students to engage with the subject more easily than other textbooks on the market. This edition includes a completely new section on sentence use, including an introduction and discussion of core areas of pragmatics and conversational analysis; new coverage of sociolinguistic topics, introducing communities of practice; a wealth of new exercise material and updated further reading.




Daniel Büring, «Binding Theory (Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics)»
Cambridge University Press | ISBN: 0521812801 | 2005
 This study explores how different kinds of nominal expressions such as names, noun phrases and pronouns develop anaphoric relations among each another that have reference to physical elements. Providing a thorough and comprehensive introduction to modern binding theory, this book introduces a variety of nominal and, especially, pronominal expressions from the world's languages. Including numerous exercises and examples, the textbook will be invaluable to graduate and advanced undergraduate students of syntax and semantics.



K. Chambers, Peter Trudgill “Dialectology (Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics) "
Cambridge University Press; 2 edition (December 28, 1998) | ISBN:0521596467

 'The book can, and without doubt will, serve as a valuable introduction to the field of dialectology, its basic notions, methodology and lines of future development to numerous students of disciplines related to either linguistics or social studies.' The Linguist .






Vyvyan Evans - A Glossary of Cognitive Linguistics
Publisher: Edinburgh University Press | 2007-05-11 | ISBN: 0748622799

This Glossary is impressively exhaustive in its coverage. It will be an indispensable aid to students in linguistics and other disciplines who need to understand a theory which is now coming of age, and advanced researchers will also find it a useful companion both for reference and for helping to access original texts.’
Professor Chris Sinha, University of Portsmouth
‘Cognitive Linguistics is now developing rapidly, and, like all new fields, this one has developed its own technical meta-language. Anyone needing a jargon-free guide through this fascinating new terrain will find exactly what is needed in Vyv Evans’ joined-up explanations of the landmark concepts and theories. The Glossary is far more than an alphabetical list – it gives unity and coherence to the Cognitive Linguistics project.’
Professor Paul Chilton, University of Lancaster
An alphabetic guide which gives an up-to-date introduction to key topics in cognitive linguistics.




Riemer Nick, Introducing Semantics (Cambridge Introductions to Language and Linguistics)
Cambridge University Press | April 30, 2010 | ISBN: 0521617413

Semantics is the study of meaning in language. This clear and comprehensive textbook is the most up-to-date introduction to the subject available for undergraduate students. It not only equips students with the concepts they need in order to understand the main aspects of semantics, it also introduces the styles of reasoning and argument which characterise the field. It contains more than 200 exercises and discussion questions designed to test and deepen readers' understanding. More inclusive than other textbooks, it clearly explains and contrasts different theoretical approaches, summarises current debates, and provides helpful suggestions for further reading. Examples are drawn both from major world languages, such as Mandarin Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Spanish and English, and from minority ones. The book also highlights the connections between semantics and the wider study of human language in psychology, anthropology, and linguistics itself.
• Includes more than 200 exercises and discussion questions to test and deepen understanding
• 'Inline' questions, interspersed throughout the text, encourage active participation in the development of key concepts
• Detailed chapter introductions and summaries make it easy for students to work through the text.



Richard Larson & Gabriel Segal "Knowledge of Meaning - An Introduction to Semantic Theory"
The MIT Press | English | Sep 23 1995 | ISBN: 0262621002 | 659 pages

Current textbooks in formal semantics are all versions of, or introductions to, the same paradigm in semantic theory: Montague Grammar. Knowledge of Meaning is based on different assumptions and a different history. It provides the only introduction to truth- theoretic semantics for natural languages, fully integrating semantic theory into the modern Chomskyan program in linguistic theory and connecting linguistic semantics to research elsewhere in cognitive psychology and philosophy. As such, it better fits into a modern graduate or undergraduate program in linguistics, cognitive science, or philosophy.



Lilliane Haegeman, Introduction to Government and Binding Theory
Wiley-Blackwell; 2 edition | June 15, 1994 | ISBN-10: 0631190678 | 728 pages

 Since its first publication in 1991 Liliane Haegeman's Introduction to Government and Binding Theory has become established as the most authoritative introduction to the Principles and Parameters approach to syntactic theory. This new edition has been extensively updated throughout. Major structural changes include new chapters on Functional Heads and Head Movement and on Relativized Minimality. Discussions of a number of topics missing from or not paid due attention in the first edition have been integrated or expanded, for example: the structure of small clauses (in chaprer 2), chain formation (in chapter 6), and reconstruction, multiple movement, wh-absorption, Full Interpretation, and expletive replacement (in chapter 9). The copious exercises have been revised to increase potential for creativty and flexibility of approach. New exericases highlight further controversial issues. In short, this book offers a complete, updated introduction to the current state of Government and Binding Theory, suitable for readers with some basic knowledge of generative linguistics.




Anthony J. Liddicoat, "Introduction to Conversation Analysis"
Continuum | 2007 | ISBN: 0826491146 | 333 pages

 This introduction is designed to give an overview of conversation analysis. It begins by locating conversation analysis as a methodology amongst other methodologies, and describing conversation analysis as body of knowledge which reveals the ways in which language works in communication. The chapters introduce every aspect of conversation analysis in a logical, step-by-step examination, including coverage of transcription, turn-taking, sequence organisation, repair, and storytelling. Comprehensive and accessible, "An Introduction to Conversation Analysis" is essential reading for undergraduate and graduate students in sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, sociology and applied linguistics courses.




Elisabeth Ahlsen “Introduction to Neurolinguistics"
John Benjamins Pub Co | 2006-07-19 | ISBN: 9027232334 | 212 pages

This introduction to neurolinguistics is intended for anybody who wants to acquire a grounding in the field. It was written for students of linguistics and communication disorders, but students of psychology, neuroscience and other disciplines will also find it valuable. The introductory section presents the theories, models and frameworks underlying modern neurolinguistics. Then the neurolinguistic aspects of different components of language – phonology, morphology, lexical semantics, and semantics-pragmatics in communication – are discussed. The third section examines reading and writing, bilingualism, the evolution of language, and multimodality. The book also contains three resource chapters, one on techniques for investigating the brain, another on modeling brain functions, and a third that introduces the basic concepts of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. This text provides an up-to-date linguistic perspective, with a special focus on semantics and pragmatics, evolutionary perspectives, neural network modeling and multimodality, areas that have been less central in earlier introductory works.


Language, Society and Power: An Introduction 2nd Edition
Routledge | 2003 | ISBN: 0415303931 | Pages: 272

This is a completely updated and expanded second edition of Language, Society and Power. Lively and accessible, it looks at the ways in which language functions, how it influences thought and how it varies according to age, ethnicity, class and gender. How can a language reflect the status of children and older people? Do men and women talk differently? How can our use of language mark our ethnic identity? The book also looks at language use in politics and the media and examines how language affects and constructs our identities, exploring notions of correctness and attitudes towards language use.
This second edition has been fully updated to include recent developments in theory and research and offers the following features:
*new, relevant and engaging examples drawn from everyday life: conversation transcripts, novels including Ian McEwan's Atonement, television and the internet
*new activities designed to give students a real understanding of the area
*an international perspective with examples from the world's press, including The Washington Post, the Daily Mail and the New Zealand Listener
*updated and expanded further reading sections and glossary.
Language Society and Power remains an essential introductory text for students of English language and linguistics, and will also be of use to students of media, communication, cultural studies, sociology and psychology.



An Introduction to Sociolinguistics
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell; 5th Edition edition (9 Nov 2005) | 432 pages| ISBN 140513559X

This book is intended to provide students with a sound, basic coverage of most of the topics dealt with in courses described as either 'Sociolinguistics' or 'The Sociology of Language.' It assumes very little previous knowledge of linguistics, anthropology, or sociology, and so should prove to be most useful in a first-level course. It may also be used as a supplementary text in a higher-level course that deals with a narrow range of topics but in which the instructor wants students to become familiar with topics not treated in that course. Each of the sub-topics covered here concludes with a 'Discussion' section. The material in these sections is designed to encourage further discussion and research; it may also lead to assignments of various kinds.



Language in the Brain
Cambridge University Press | 2010-07-31 | ISBN: 0521739713 | 248 pages

Linguistics, neurocognition, and phenomenological psychology are fundamentally different fields of research. Helmut Schnelle provides an interdisciplinary understanding of a new integrated field in which linguists can be competent in neurocognition and neuroscientists in structure linguistics. Consequently the first part of the book is a systematic introduction to the function of the form and meaning-organising brain component - with the essential core elements being perceptions, actions, attention, emotion and feeling. Their descriptions provide foundations for experiences based on semantics and pragmatics. The second part is addressed to non-linguists and presents the structural foundations of currently established linguistic frameworks. This book should be serious reading for anyone interested in a comprehensive understanding of language, in which evolution, functional organisation and hierarchies are explained by reference to brain architecture and dynamics.



Modality (Oxford Surveys in Semantics and Pragmatics) By Paul Portner
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA | ISBN: 0199292426 | edition 2009

This is a book about semantic theories of modality. Its main goal is to explain and evaluate important contemporary theories within linguistics and to discuss a wide range of linguistic phenomena from the perspective of these theories. The introduction describes the variety of grammatical phenomena associated with modality, explaining why modal verbs, adjectives, and adverbs represent the core phenomena. Chapters are then devoted to the possible worlds semantics for modality developed in modal logic; current theories of modal semantics within linguistics; and the most important empirical areas of research. The author concludes by discussing the relation between modality and other topics, especially tense, aspect, mood, and discourse meaning.




David A. Pharies – Breve historia de la lengua espanola
University Of Chicago Press | ISBN: 0226666808 | 2007-05-01

Spanish is the fourth most widely spoken language in the world and a language of ever-increasing importance in the United States. In what will likely become the introduction to the history of the Spanish language, David Pharies clearly and concisely charts the evolution of Spanish from its Indo-European roots to its present form. An internationally recognized expert on the history and development of this language, Pharies brings to his subject a precise sense of what students of Spanish linguistics need to know.



John Field - Psycholinguistics: the Key Concepts (Routledge Key Guides)
Routledge | ISBN: 978 0415258913 | 08/04/2004 | English | 352 pages

Psycholinguistics: The Key Concepts is an authoritative, wide-ranging and up-to-date A to Z guide to this important field. Cross-referenced, with suggestions for further reading and a full index, the book is a highly accessible introduction to the main terms and concepts in psycholinguistics. Psycholinguistics: The Key Concepts offers over 170 entries covering the key areas:

*psychological processes
*First Language Acquisition
*the nature of language
*brain and language
*language disorders
This comprehensive guide is an essential resource for all students of English language, linguistics and psychology.



Stephen Colvin "A Historical Greek Reader: Mycenaean to the Koine"
Oxford University Press | 2007-12-21 | ISBN: 0199226598 | 300 pages

A Historical Greek Reader provides an introduction to the history of the ancient Greek language by means of a series of texts with linguistic commentary, cross-referenced to each other and to a reference grammar at the front. It offers a selection of epigraphic and literary texts from the Mycenaean period (roughly the fourteenth century BC) to the koine (the latest text dates to the second century AD), and includes a wide range of Greek dialect texts. The epigraphic section balances a number of well-known inscriptions with recent discoveries that may not be easily available elsewhere; a selection of literary texts traces major developments in the language of Greek poetry and literary prose. The book finishes with an account of the linguistic and sociolinguistic background of koine Greek. The commentary assumes no prior knowledge of Greek historical linguistics, but provides a basic amount of up-to-date bibliography so that advanced students and others can pursue linguistic issues at greater depth where necessary.



Second Language Acquisition An advanced resource book
Routledge | 2006 | ISBN: 0415338697 | Pages: 303

 Routledge Applied Linguistics is a series of comprehensive resource books, providing students and researchers with the support they need for advanced study in the core areas of English language and Applied Linguistics.






Mark Baltin, Chris Collins, "The Handbook of Contemporary Syntactic Theory"
Wiley-Blackwell | 2003 | ISBN: 1405102535 | 880 pages

"The Handbook of Contemporary Syntactic Theory is an extraordinary accomplishment. Baltin and Collins have succeeded in assembling a sizeable number of the world's leading syntacticians, each of whom has produced a readable overview of the issues in his or her area of specialization. It is to the credit of the editors that this book is valuable both as a reference work and as a critical evaluation of current thinking. All linguists, not just syntacticians, stand to benefit from having a copy within reach." Frederick J. Newmeyer, University of Washington.



Introducción a la lingüistica hispánica
Cambridge UP | 2002 | ISBN 0521803144 | 384 Pages

Written in Spanish, this introduction to Spanish linguistics covers the structure, history and dialects of the Spanish language. It is designed primarily as a textbook for students pursuing advanced studies in Spanish language and literature at North American institutions, either at the advanced undergraduate or at the beginning graduate level. Nevertheless, this book will also be useful to students in other instructional settings. Clear and accessible with exercises accompanying each chapter, the text will provide students with a solid foundation for pursuing further study in Spanish or general linguistics.




Andrew Carnie, “Constituent Structure (Oxford Surveys in Syntax&Morphology)”
Oxford University Press, USA | 2008-01-06 | ISBN: 0199261997 | 312 pages

This book explores the empirical and theoretical aspects of constituent structure in natural language syntax. It surveys a wide variety of functionalist and formalist theoretical approaches, from dependency grammars and Relational Grammar to Lexical Functional Grammar, Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar, and Minimalism. It describes the traditional tests for constituency and the formal means for representing them in phrase structure grammars, extended phrase structure grammars, X-bar theory, and set theoretic bare phrase structure. In doing so it provides a clear, thorough, and rigorous axiomatic description of the structural properties of constituent trees.
Andrew Carnie considers the central controversies on constituent structure. Is it, for example, a primitive notion or should it be derived from relational or semantic form? Do sentences have a single constituency or multiple constituencies? Does constituency operate on single or multiple dimensions? And what exactly is the categorial content of constituent structure representations? He identifies points of commonality as well as important theoretical differences among the various approaches to constituency, and critically examines the strengths and limitations of competing frameworks.



Luis Eguren, Olga Fernandez Soriano - Introduccion a Una Sintaxis Minimista/ Introduction to a Minimal Syntax (Spanish Edition)



Gredos | ISBN: 8424927249 | 2004




Spanish Pragmatics by Rosina Márquez-Reiter

"A long-awaited book! Spanish Pragmatics offers a clear and detailed introduction to speech act theory, conversation analysis and politeness theory as well as a comprehensive overview of empirical work by Hispanists in these areas. This book is a must read for all students engaged with the study of the pragmatics of Spanish." --Carmen García, Arizona State University


Linguistica Computacional por Antonio Moreno Sandoval 

 

 

 

The Syntax of Spanish (Cambridge Syntax Guides) 

Karen Zagona

 

 

Functional Approaches to Spanish Syntax: Lexical Semantics, Discourse and Transitivity 

J. Clancy Clements (Editor), Jiyoung Yoon
 The first usage-based approach of its kind, this volume contains twelve studies on key issues in Spanish syntax: word order, null arguments, grammatical-relation marking, inalienable possession, ser and estar, adjective placement, small clauses and causatives. The studies are approached within a broad functionalist perspective. The studies strengthen the view that components of grammar intricately interact and that a usage-based approach to analyzing them offers new and insightful perspectives on some stubborn problems.

Chomsky - Estructuras sintacticas

 




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Kαλωσόρισμα-Welcoming-Bienvenidos

Αν και καθημερινά χρησιμοποιούμε τη γλώσσα, αν και όλοι μας εκφράζουμε ισχυρές απόψεις για τη δομή της, για τις ιδιότητές της και για τη σωστή της χρήση, σπάνια σταματούμε, έστω και για μια στιγμή, για να σκεφτούμε για αυτό το θαύμα.
Οι λεγόμενοι "ειδικοί" της γλώσσας, μας μιλάνε για την "κακή" χρήση του από ανέκαθεν" ή και άλλων λέξεων, μας δίνουν διαλέξεις για την ετυμολογία τους, αλλά επιμελώς δεν μπαίνουν μέσα στο ίδιο το θαύμα της γλώσσ" ας: Το πώς στην πραγματικότητα λειτουργεί .
Σας ζητώ να σκεφτείτε για ένα μόνο λεπτό: αυτή τη στιγμή διαβάζετε αυτό το κείμενο και το κατανοείτε, αλλά, δεν έχετε συνειδητή γνώση για το πώς το καταφέρνετε!
Η μελέτη αυτού ακριβώς του μυστηρίου, είναι η επιστήμη της Γλωσσολογίας.

Η γλώσσα είναι μια ψυχολογική ή γνωσιακή ιδιότητα των ανθρώπων. Δηλαδή,υπάρχουν κάποιες ομάδες νευρώνων που δουλεύουν ασταμάτητα στον εγκέφαλό μου και μου επιτρέπουν αυτή τη στιγμή να κάθομαι εδώ και να παράγω αυτές τις ομάδες από γράμματα. Ανάλογα, σε εσάς υπάρχουν άλλες ομάδες νευρώνων που σας επιτρέπουν να κατανοείτε αυτά τα σημεία και να τα "μεταφράζετε" σε κατανοητές ιδέες και σκέψεις.

Υπάρχουν όμως κι άλλα πολλά υποσυστήματα που εμπλέκονται εδώ.
Αν εγώ, αυτή τη στιγμή, σας μιλούσα, θα παρήγαγα ηχητικά κύματα με τις φωνητικές μου χορδές και θα άρθρωνα ήχους ομιλίας με την γλώσσα, τα χείλη, τις φωνητικές χορδές. Στην άλλη άκρη, εσείς θα ακούγατε αυτά τα ηχητικά κύματα και θα τα μεταφράζατε σε ήχους ομιλίας χρησιμοποιώντας τα ακουστικά σας όργανα. Αυτή η μελέτη της Ακουστικής και της Άρθρωσης της ομιλίας ονομάζεται: Φωνητική.

Όταν πιά θα μεταφράσετε τα ηχητικά κύματα σε νοητικές αναπαραστάσεις, τα αναλύετε σε συλλαβές και τα κατηγοριοποιείτε.
Π.χ. Κάθε ομιλητής της ελληνικής γνωρίζει ότι το συμφωνικό σύμπλεγμα /χθ/ είναι επιτρεπτό στην ελληνική, αλλά το σύμπλεγμα */θχ/ όχι. Έτσι η ψευδο-λέξη /χθέτα/ μπορεί να υπάρξει, ενώ η */θχέτα/ , όχι. Αυτό το πεδίο της γλωσσικής επιστήμης εξετάζει η Φωνολογία.

Μετά θα παίρνατε αυτές τις ομάδες των ήχων και θα τις οργανώνατε σε μονάδες με σημασία ( Μορφήματα και λέξεις).
Π.χ, η λέξη "άνεργος" αποτελείται από τρία μορφήματα: το πρόθημα α(ν)-, που σημαίνει "μη/όχι", το θέμα -εργ-, που φέρει και την κύρια σημασία, και το το επίθημα -ος, που σημαίνει: (ενικός αριθμός), (ονομαστική πτώση), (αρσενικό γένος). Κι έτσι, ολόκληρη η σημασία της λέξης "άνεργος" σημαίνει στη Ν.Ε. " αυτός που δεν έχει εργασία", και αποτελεί την μελέτη της Μορφολογίας.

Κατόπιν θα οργανώσετε αυτές τις λέξεις σε φράσεις και προτάσεις.Αυτή είναι η μελέτη της Σύνταξης.

Για τα υπόλοιπα πεδία της Γλωσσολογίας θα ασχοληθούμε στις ανάλογες σελίδες όταν προκύψουν...Ευχαριστώ εκ των προτέρων,

Καλό ταξίδι στον μαγικό μας κόσμο!